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91.
Soojung Hong Ju Hyun Lee Eun Kyeong Chun Kwang-Il Kim Jin Won Kim Se Hyun Kim Yun-Gyoo Lee In Gyu Hwang Jin Young Kim Su-Jin Koh Yoon Ho Ko Seong Hoon Shin In Sook Woo Tae-Yong Kim Ji Yeon Baek Hyun Jung Kim Hyo Jung Kim Myung Ah Lee Jung Hye Kwon Yong Sang Hong Hun-Mo Ryoo Jee Hyun Kim 《The oncologist》2020,25(3):e502-e511
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Yasser Alemn‐Gmez Elena Najdenovska Timo Roine Mrio Joo Fartaria Erick J. Canales‐Rodríguez Zita Rov Patric Hagmann Philippe Conus Kim Q. Do Paul Klauser Pascal Steullet Philipp S. Baumann Meritxell Bach Cuadra 《Human brain mapping》2020,41(14):4041-4061
The structural complexity of the thalamus, due to its mixed composition of gray and white matter, make it challenging to disjoint and quantify each tissue contribution to the thalamic anatomy. This work promotes the use of partial‐volume‐based over probabilistic‐based tissue segmentation approaches to better capture thalamic gray matter differences between patients at different stages of psychosis (early and chronic) and healthy controls. The study was performed on a cohort of 23 patients with schizophrenia, 41 with early psychosis and 69 age and sex‐matched healthy subjects. Six tissue segmentation approaches were employed to obtain the gray matter concentration/probability images. The statistical tests were applied at three different anatomical scales: whole thalamus, thalamic subregions and voxel‐wise. The results suggest that the partial volume model estimation of gray matter is more sensitive to detect atrophies within the thalamus of patients with psychosis. However all the methods detected gray matter deficit in the pulvinar, particularly in early stages of psychosis. This study demonstrates also that the gray matter decrease varies nonlinearly with age and between nuclei. While a gray matter loss was found in the pulvinar of patients in both stages of psychosis, reduced gray matter in the mediodorsal was only observed in early psychosis subjects. Finally, our analyses point to alterations in a sub‐region comprising the lateral posterior and ventral posterior nuclei. The obtained results reinforce the hypothesis that thalamic gray matter assessment is more reliable when the tissues segmentation method takes into account the partial volume effect. 相似文献
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Sang Ryong Kim 《中国神经再生研究》2020,(8):1479-1480
Neurotrophic factors against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and Parkinson’s disease(PD):A clear understanding of the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases,such as AD and PD remains elusive.Although there is still no therapy to prevent or block neurodegeneration,in vivo and in vitro experimental results have shown that the direct administration of neurotrophic factors,such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF),and the induction of these neurotrophic factors via specific gene delivery may protect neurons against neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disease models(Kim et al.,2012;Jeong et al.,2013,2015). 相似文献
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Joseph O. Lloyd Kim I. Chisholm Beatrice Oehle Martyn G. Jones Bright N. Okine Adnan AL-Kaisy Giorgio Lambru Stephen B. McMahon Anna P. Andreou 《Neurotherapeutics》2020,17(4):1973
Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) of the occipital cortex is an effective migraine treatment. However, its mechanism of action and cortical effects of sTMS in migraine are yet to be elucidated. Using calcium imaging and GCaMP-expressing mice, sTMS did not depolarise neurons and had no effect on vascular tone. Pre-treatment with sTMS, however, significantly affected some characteristics of the cortical spreading depression (CSD) wave, the correlate of migraine aura. sTMS inhibited spontaneous neuronal firing in the visual cortex in a dose-dependent manner and attenuated l-glutamate-evoked firing, but not in the presence of GABAA/B antagonists. In the CSD model, sTMS increased the CSD electrical threshold, but not in the presence of GABAA/B antagonists. We first report here that sTMS at intensities similar to those used in the treatment of migraine, unlike traditional sTMS applied in other neurological fields, does not excite cortical neurons but it reduces spontaneous cortical neuronal activity and suppresses the migraine aura biological substrate, potentially by interacting with GABAergic circuits.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13311-020-00879-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Key Words: Migraine, transcranial magnetic stimulation, GABA, glutamate, cortex 相似文献
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